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Graphing Lab: Valence Electrons

Today 5th period worked on the valence electron lab as listed in the previous post. If you did not finish it in class please finish it for homework and turn it in.

Ions and Isotopes: A review

5th period reviewed Ions and Isotopes once again and was able to retake the quiz. Great improvements were made in your grades.

Then, we started the lab that we will complete next class.

8th period will take the quiz tomorrow on Ions and Isotopes and then will work on the lab.

The lab is posted below.

Purpose:       To get experience in graphing techniques and identify the number of valence electrons in different groups of the periodic table.

Materials:      Two sheets of graphing paper, pencils, periodic table.

Procedure:  

1.    Complete the table found in the back of this page using the information from your periodic table.

2.    Obtain a sheet of graph paper from your teacher.

3.    Label the x- axis as atomic number.

4.    Label the y- axis as valence electrons

5.    Plot the information on the back of this paper on your graph.

6.    Remember to give your graph a title.

Data Analysis:

1.                 Using your graph, can you come up with a conclusion on the relationship between atomic number and number of valence electrons? Explain your conclusion?

2.                 Group the elements that had the same number of valence electrons. Looking at your periodic table, do you see a pattern? Explain.

3.                 Using your graph what would you predict the number of valence electrons for Potassium and Bromine to be. Support your answers by referring to your graph.

4.                 Why is it important to know the number of valence electrons?

5.                 During a lab Steve is doing a lab using Iron (Fe) and Chlorine (Cl). He realizes that he doesn’t have chlorine available. What other element could he use in its place and get a similar reaction? Support your answer.

Data Table for Graph Activity #2

Element #	Element Symbol	Element Name	Number of electrons	Number of Valence Electrons
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Atoms, Elements, Ions, Isotopes

Today, we reviewed ions and isotopes and worked on pages 26-28 of our workbooks to get some more exposure to these ideas. A quiz on ions and isotopes was also administered for 5th period. 8th period will take the quiz next class.

Ions and Isotopes

Today we talked about what happens if you have a different amount of neutrons (isotopes) and a different amount of electrons (ions).

Then, we did a worksheet to distinguish ions from isotopes and be able to identify the amount of each subatomic particle (proton, neutron, electron) in each atom. 

1.     Al-27

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

2.     B-12

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

3.     Ne

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

4.     H-1

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

5.     Be^+2

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

6.     Li-5

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

7.     P^-3

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

8.     Cl^-

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

9.     B^+3

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

10.                        O^-2

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

11.                        Ga-63

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

12.                        O-17

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

13.                        N-13

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

14.                        Li^+

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

15.                        Na-22

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

16.                        F^-

a.     Protons:

b.     Neutrons:

c.      Electrons:

The ^ symbol indicates a superscript rather than a dash or hyphen.

In addition to the worksheet, you were to work on pages 26-28 in your workbook.

Whether you stayed home in the inclement weather or are braving it today, be safe!

Element Chart

Today we started talking about matter and atomic theory. We filled out a chart for the first twenty elements it should look something like this.

Name	Chemical Symbol	Number of protons	Number of neutrons	Number of electrons	Atomic Number	Mass Number	Number of valence electrons	Lewis Dot Diagram
Hydrogen
Helium
Lithium
Beryllium
Boron
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Neon
Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Silicon
Phosphorous
Sulfur
Chlorine
Argon
Potassium
Calcium

The vocabulary for this section is as follows:

atom, atomic mass, atomic number, chemical properties, chemical symbol, electron, electron cloud, element, ion, isotope, matter, mass number, neutron, nucleus, physical properties, proton, quark, radioactivity, valence electrons

You can find a copy of the periodic table at http://ptable.com/